Effect of Educational Module on Severity of Dyspnea and Inhalation Therapy Adherence among Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Clinical instructor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University, Egypt.

2 Professor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University, Egypt.

3 Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, involves airway inflammation and constriction. Dyspnea is a key symptom of asthma, not only signals underlying health issues but also leads to frequent hospital admissions and high mortality rates in asthma patients. So, the development of an effective educational module aimed at minimizing dyspnea episodes and improving patients' skills for managing their condition. Purpose was to evaluate the effect of educational module on severity of dyspnea and inhalation therapy adherence among patients with bronchial asthma. Design: A quasi-experimental research design (study and control) was utilized for this study. Setting: The current study was carried out at chest diseases department of Menoufia University at Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Sampling: A consecutive sample of 80 adult patients with bronchial asthma were assigned into two equal groups, 40 patients for each group. Instruments: Four instruments were used for data collection: Structure interview questionnaire, Pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler Performance Observational Checklist, shortness of breath questionnaire and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Results: It is revealed that 80% and 85% of study and control groups respectively had poor performance in using a metered dose inhaler pre- intervention, while 77.5% and 85% immediately post intervention and after 1 month of study group had good performance level compared to 25% of both in control group. There were highly statistically significant differences between both groups before, immediately post and after 1 month of educational module regarding level of severity of dyspnea and medication adherence Conclusions: Educational module had a positive impact on improving practicing inhaler therapy, medication adherence to inhalation and lowering dyspnea episodes and severity among study group (group I) than control group (group II). Recommendations: Supervised continuous educational modules should be implemented in hospitals to enhance patients' knowledge about bronchial asthma and its management. Websites that contain all relevant information about bronchial asthma should be established to improve the health status of patients.

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